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About six crore people every year, or 7,000 people per hour, slip into poverty in India due to healthcare expenses, Ayushman Bharat- Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana CEO Indu Bhushan said Saturday. AB-PMJAY Chief Executive Officer Indu Bhushan was speaking at a health conference organised by the Goa Institute of Management.
The Ayushman Bharat-PMJAY programme launched by Prime Minister Narendra Modi on September 23 is touted as the world's largest government funded healthcare programme aimed at benefiting 50 crore people.
Mr Bhushan hailed the country's efforts in reducing poverty, but said, "At the same time, we see that about six crore fall into poverty every year because of catastrophic healthcare expenses. I was astounded by the number. Six crore people means 7,000 people every hour."
Calling the situation a "leaking bucket", he said, "Though a lot of effort is being put to bring people out of poverty, due to health expenses, people are slipping into poverty; which is puzzling." Speaking about what he termed were paradoxes in the last 70 years in India's health sector, Mr Bhushan said, "One of the major paradoxes is that 70 per cent health needs of the country are supported by the private sector and only 30 per cent by the public sector."
Talking about other ironies, he said people from abroad were flying to India to get quality medical treatment at cheap rates, while large sections of its own citizens didn't have access to good health facilities. The AB-PMJAY CEO pointed out that despite India emerging as fastest growing (major) economy in the world, its budgetary provision for health had remained stagnant at 1-1.4 per cent over the years.
After reading the passage, which of the following statements can be definitely said about the The Ayushman Bharat-PMJAY programme?
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A European Union (EU) agreement with Britain on relations after Brexit could serve as a model for ties with other countries that want to be as close as possible to the bloc but are not yet ready to join, such as Ukraine and Turkey, Germany’s Foreign Minister said. Britain secured the go-ahead from Brussels to start talks on its future relationship with the EU earlier this month, with London saying it aspires to a closer relationship as a former member than that of any other third country. In an interview with the Funke newspaper group published on Tuesday, German Foreign Minister Sigmar Gabriel said such a deal could offer a solution to the puzzle of how the bloc of 27 can manage its ties with two other large non-members. “I can’t imagine Turkey or Ukraine becoming EU members in the next few years,” he said. “If we get a smart agreement with Britain regulating relations with Europe after Brexit, that could be a model for other countries, Ukraine and also Turkey.” Turkey, a candidate for EU membership for decades, already has a customs union with the EU which allows the trade of most goods without tariffs. One possibility would be to offer Ankara; "a new, closer form of the customs union”, Mr. Gabriel said, although he also said such a project would have to wait for changes in Turkey’s political environment. Thousands of people, including German citizens, have been detained in Turkey as part of a government crackdown since a failed coup in 2016. An agreement between the EU and Ukraine on a “deep and comprehensive free trade area” formally came into force in September. It aimed at allowing free trade of goods, services and capital, and visa-free travel for people for short stays. Ukraine’s desire for closer ties with the EU was one of the driving forces behind a popular revolt that toppled a pro-Russian President in 2014, leading Moscow to seize Ukraine’s Crimea peninsula and back pro-Russian separatists in a still-unresolved conflict in the east of the country. Mr. Gabriel’s Social Democratic Party (SPD) is preparing for talks with Chancellor Angela Merkel’s conservatives on governing together for another four years. On the other hand leading professor Robert Tombs has warned that European Union officials are out to give Britain a bad Brexit deal in order to deter other nations from leaving. Cambridge history professor Robert Tombs said EU chiefs including the likes of Guy Verhofstadt, Jean-Claude Juncker and French President Emmanuel Macron want to make Brexit talks as tough as possible to stop other member states from leaving the bloc. Speaking exclusively to Express.co.uk, Mr Tombs said: “It could be that this is a bit of play-acting. It could be that they are not very sure what they want. Or both. “But certainly senior people in Europe have said, as I say, they at least want it to look hard-going for us. “If we sat down all smiles and negotiated a trade deal that would be a bit too tempting for other countries. So I think they’ve got to make it look tough.” Mr Tombs said there is a general consensus among EU citizens that Britain “shouldn’t be given an easy ride”. He said: “They are not very happy with us. They feel we have kind of let them down. We’ve rejected them.” The leading professor said Britain’s decision to make a “clean break” from the EU and escape the crumbling bloc could result in other member states following the same path. Mr Tombs said the EU is attempting to turn itself into a state and make the EU “less and less democratic”. He said Britain was right to “make a clean break” and “face up to the fact” that the EU was turning into something the British did not like.
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The need for more effective information security practices is increasingly evident with each security breach reported in the media. When adopting new technologies like cloud computing, virtualization, or IT outsourcing, enterprises are facing imminent security threats and must adjust their security processes, policies, and architectures accordingly. Among the many options available to help customers to achieve this goal, organizations should consider the value of ethical hacking services, which are rapidly gaining attention as an essential security practice that should be performed on a regular basis.“The elevated threat landscape therefore, urgently dictates the need for a comprehensive, real-world assessment of an organization’s security posture. This assessment is a first vital step to enact effective security policies, procedures, and infrastructure that will prevent or mitigate the effects of a data breach.” Ethical hacking offers an objective analysis of an organization’s information security posture for organizations of any level of security expertise. The ethical hacking organization has no knowledge of the company’s systems other than what they can gather. Hackers must scan for weaknesses, test entry points, priorities targets, and develop a strategy that best leverages their resources. The objectiveness of this kind of security assessment has a direct impact on the value of the whole evaluation. However, businesses still remain skeptical about the risk inherent with inviting a third-party to attempt to access sensitive systems and resources.To reduce this fear, businesses should hire only ethical hacking companies that implement practices to ensure privacy and confidentiality. They should also be accredited by international trade organizations such as the EC-Council and ISC. Ethical hacking and ethical hacker are terms used to describe hacking performed by a company or individual to help identify potential threats on a computer or network. An ethical hacker attempts to bypass system security and search for any weak points that could be exploited by malicious hackers. This information is then used by the organization to improve the system security and to minimize or eliminate any potential attacks. The term "ethical hacker" has received criticism at times from people who say that there is no such thing as an "ethical" hacker. Hacking is hacking, no matter how you look at it and those who do the hacking are commonly referred to as computer criminals or cyber criminals. However, the work that ethical hackers do for organizations has helped improve system security and can be said to be quite effective and successful. Individuals interested in becoming an ethical hacker can work towards a certification to become a Certified Ethical Hacker, or CEH. In a search for ways to reduce the fear and worry of being hacked, organizations have come to the realization that an effective way to evaluate security threats is to have independent security exerts attempt to hack into their computer systems. In the case of computer security, these tiger teams or ethical hackers would use the same tools and techniques as an attacker, but rather than damage the system or steal information, they would evaluate the system security and report the vulnerabilities they found and provide instructions for how to remedy them. From the early days of computers, ethical hacking has been used as an evaluation of system security. Many early ethical hacks were conducted by the United States Military to carry out security evaluations on their operating systems to determine whether they should employ a two-level (secret/top secret) classification system. However, with the growth of computing and networking in the early 1990's, computer and network vulnerability studies began to appear outside of the military organization. In December of 1993, two computer security researchers, Dan Farmer from Elemental Security and Wietse Venema from IBM, suggested that the techniques used by hackers can be used to assess the security of an information system. They wrote a report that was shared publicly on the Internet which described how they were able to gather enough information to compromise security and they provided several examples of how this information could be gathered and exploited to gain control of a system, and how such an attack could be prevented. An ethical hacker should set simple goals, such as finding unauthorized wireless access points or obtaining information from a wired network system. In any case, the goals should be articulate and well communicated. Written permission is required and should state that an ethical hacker is authorized to perform a test according to the plan. It should also say that the organization will provide legal and organizational support in case criminally charges or lawsuits arise. This is conditional on staying within the bounds of the approved plan. An ethical hacker is bound to confidentiality and non-disclosure of information they may uncover. Ethical hackers must also be compliant with their organization's governance and local laws. An ethical hack must not be performed when the company policy or the law for that matter, explicitly forbids it.
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The world today stands divided. Bringing in the Marxian ideology, it is divided between the haves and the have-nots, the rich and the poor, the owner and the laborer. There is one person or a minor few that takes all the resources and the earning, and there is the rest or the majority striving for the remaining to live and survive. It can be assumed that, the first lesson anyone working in a team exercise learns is collective functioning and aim for all. The worlds’ population is one big team, and why is it that instead of working collectively, we are becoming increasingly individualistic? We can understand it with a few examples, like- people do not know their neighbor’s name, let alone be friends, children from a young age being told to make friends within their own class and caste, community gardens serve as meeting points for groups, one group unknown to the other, people ignoring the other person in public places when the other person is in need, people shoving others in the streets, without bothering to apologize as they do so. And then, world peace is questioned, etc. Perhaps, a good start for it can be by learning our etiquettes and lending a helping hand to those in need. Perhaps, with every person making an effort to smile to their fellow passengers in a public transport there can be a change. Perhaps, the Marxian ideology can be proven false. Then again, it is all a theory.Read the passage and answer the questions.
Domestic crude oil production fell for the fourth straight year in 2015-16, even as oil consumption rocketed 11%, pushing up India's import dependence. A collapse in oil prices coupled with a rapid economic growth has helped push up oil consumption at home. More vehicle purchases, increased use of diesel for irrigation due to weak monsoon and rising air traffic chiefly drove up consumption to 183.5 million metric tonne (mmt), compared to 165.5 mmt in the previous year. In comparison, India produced just 36.9 mmt of crude oil in 2015-16, lower than 37.5 mmt in the previous year. The country's largest oil producer, state-run Oil and Natural Gas Corporation BSE -0.35 % (ONGC), witnessed an output decline to 18.5 mmt from 18.6 mmt in the previous year. Oil producers have been struggling with ageing fields where outputs have been falling. Their inability to fresh big reserves into production lately has kept production stagnant. "The bigger problem is that the exploration activity didn't pick up in the last decade," said Gaurav Moda, consultant at KPMG, underlining the need to enhance exploration activity in the country to be able to accelerate output in the future. Without which, Moda says, India's dependence on overseas oil will only grow in future. The government has unveiled new exploration policies for its oil and gas blocks lately, aiming to plug loopholes in its previous policies that encouraged only limited participation of resource-rich foreign oil companies and couldn't dramatically boost the domestic output. India imported 202 mmt of crude oil in 2015-16, nearly 7% higher in volume, but paid just $64 billion, 43% lower due to the global oil collapse.
What can be inferred about the steps taken to increase production?